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The common fault types of truck suspensions

2025,02,05

The common fault types of truck suspensions are as follows:

Elastic Element Faults

Leaf Spring Breakage

When a vehicle travels on uneven roads under overloading conditions, at excessive speeds, makes high - speed turns, is subject to long - term or uneven overloading, when the leaf springs are inadequately lubricated, the U - bolts are loose, the curvature of newly replaced spring leaves does not match, or there are frequent emergency brakings, the leaf springs may break. This is manifested as the vehicle deviating from its intended direction during driving. When the vehicle is parked for inspection, the vehicle body is observed to tilt to one side.

Coil Spring Failure or Bending

Coil springs will experience fatigue and aging after extended use. When subjected to abnormal external forces, they will deform or break. The vehicle may exhibit symptoms such as the body sinking, abnormal driving jolts, and a decrease in ride comfort.

Air Spring Faults

Airbag Surface Wear

If the clearance between the airbag and surrounding components is small, there are foreign objects on the base, the shock absorber is damaged, or the pipeline is loose, abnormal friction will occur during the airbag's operation, leading to damage.

Airbag Chemical Erosion

If lubricating grease, lubricating oil, gasoline, or other oil substances adhere to the airbag surface and are not promptly cleaned, the rubber will be corroded, accelerating the aging process.

Airbag Aging

Normal aging during use, as well as contamination by grease, etc., can cause the airbag to age prematurely, resulting in performance degradation or even rupture.

Insufficient or No Air in the Airbag

This can be attributed to factors such as no air or low pressure in the air Suspension's dedicated air storage tank, blockage or kinking of the air pipeline, disconnection of the level height valve's connecting rod, damage to the level height valve, etc.

Airbag Wrinkles

When the vehicle is being transferred, hoisted, or passes over a large slope, if the airbag is over - stretched and fails to return to its original position, wrinkles will form, affecting its performance.

Shock Absorber Faults

Shock Absorber Oil Leakage

Aging and damage of the oil seal, wear of the piston rod, and rupture of the cylinder barrel can cause the shock absorber to leak oil. When the oil volume in the shock absorber decreases, its damping force declines, and it cannot effectively absorb vibrations. The vehicle will experience increased bumpiness during driving, obvious body swaying, severe braking nods, and increased steering roll.

Piston Rod and Cylinder Barrel Wear of the Shock Absorber

After long - term use, continuous friction between the piston rod and the cylinder barrel will increase the clearance between them. Abnormal noises will be heard during vehicle driving, and the shock - absorbing effect will deteriorate.

Faults of the Shock Absorber Connecting Components

If the connecting pin (rod) becomes detached, or the rubber bushing (soft pad) is worn and broken, the shock absorber cannot function properly, and the vehicle will be unstable during driving.

Force - Transmitting Device Faults

control arm and Ball Joint Wear or Damage

When the rubber bushing of the control arm is worn and aged, and the ball joint pin is worn and loose, abnormal noises will be generated during vehicle driving. There may be jamming and lack of smoothness during steering, and it will also cause uneven tire wear, affecting the vehicle's handling performance.

Anti - Roll Bar and Connecting Rod Faults

When the elasticity of the anti - roll bar weakens and the connecting rod is damaged, the vehicle body roll will increase significantly when the vehicle turns, affecting driving stability.

Connecting Bolt Loosening

If the connecting bolts between various suspension components are loose, abnormal noises will occur during vehicle driving. In severe cases, components may detach, leading to a safety accident.

Other Faults

Front - Wheel Oscillation or Deviation

Damage to the bearings, deviation of the Wheel Hub, loosening of the wheel rim bolts, wheel imbalance, incorrect front - wheel alignment angles, wear or looseness of the lower control arm or tie - rod ball pins, damage or deformation of the left and right front shock absorbers, loosening of the fastening bolts of the steering knuckle, shock absorber, and lower control arm, and inconsistent air pressure of the two front wheels, etc., can all result in front - wheel oscillation or deviation.

Heavy Steering or Poor Steering Wheel Return

Improper wheel alignment, abnormal tire pressure, poor lubrication, jamming or damage of the control arm ball joint, etc., will make it difficult for the driver to turn the steering wheel, and the steering wheel will not return smoothly.

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